Tenure® A&B and Tenure® Quik® With Fluoride
Multipurpose Bonding Systems
Research Reference Guide
Tenure A&B
Long-Term Clinical Studies
Taleghani, M., Leinfelder, K.F., "Two-Year Clinical Evaluation of Tenure Dentin
Bonding Agent." International Association of Dental Research, Abs. 1530 1991.
Fifty abfraction lesions were restored using Tenure. No mechanical preparation was
generated and no enamel was involved. The retention rate at the end of one year
was 92%, and at the end of two years the retention rate was 88%.
Tyas, M.J., et al., "Comparison of Bond Strength in Cavities Restored Before and After
Extraction (MPa)." Journal of Dental Research, 69 Abs. 99 1990: 945.
Tests were conducted in cavities before and after extraction with evaluations of 11
different bonding systems. In all cases, the Tenure/Perfection combination yielded
the highest bond strengths.
Tyas, M.J., "Three-Year Clinical Evaluation of Tenure Dentin Bonding Agent."
Australian Dental Journal, 39 1994: 188-189.
Twenty, non-undercut, cervical abrasion lesions were restored using Silux® composite
resin in conjunction with Tenure. At the end of three years of clinical service, the
retention rate was 89%.
Biocompatibility
Waknine, S., Gable, P., Schulman, A., "Physicomechanical Adhesion and Cytotoxicity
Characterization of Eleven Commercial Dentin Adhesives." Journal of Dental
Research, 69 1989: 375.
Tenure proves to be significantly more biocompatible when characterizing
adhesion to dentin, hygolytic and dimensional stability, strength, and cytotoxicity
of eleven commercial dentin adhesives. This study indicates that Tenure has the
least relative cytotoxicity.
Shelf Life and Stability
Davis, E.L., Joynt, R.B., Wieczkowski, Jr., G., Yu,
X.Y., "Dentin Bonding System Shelf Life and Bond Strength." American Journal of
Dentistry, 6 1993: 229-231.
The purpose of this study was to assess the shelf life of dentin bonding systems by
means of bond-strength testing. The systems evaluated were Mirage-Bond, All-Bond
and Tenure. Specimens were tested initially, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 12 months after
opening the kits. Tenure resulted in a substantially longer shelf life.
Clinical Applications
Abel, Martin G., "Contemporary Restoration of Class II Caries, Direct Posterior
Composites." DENTISTRY TODAY, November 2002.
This article reviews the author"s method for successfully placing posterior
composite restorations. Tenure was the bonding agent of choice for this restoration
case study because of its hydrophilic properties. It percolates further into the
dentin tubules and allows for a more complete obturation of the tubules and a
stronger bond. The author preferred to use the "two-bottle" Tenure that has acetone
as a solvent.
Strassler, Howard E., "A Durable Flowable Composite Resin for Preventive Resin
Restorations." DENTISTRY TODAY, October 2002.
This study describes the treatment of carious lesions and the placement of
successful restorations. Tenure® A +B was the primer of choice for one of the case studies.
Virtuoso® Flowable was then applied to complete the restoration. Tenure was
selected for its compatibility and durability.
Berlund, Lorin, "Accidents Happen." DENTISTRY
TODAY, October 2002.
Tenure was used in the tooth preparation of a case study following the Bonded
Core Post system (Westbrook and Associates). Tenure A and B was brushed into the
canal in preparation prior to placing the post. Tenure Quik was the bonding agent
of choice when the author created a restoration to close a diastema space. The
author stated that choosing the correct products during restorative work is a critical
component for durable, esthetic restorations.
Bond Strengths
Barkmeier, E., et al., "Bond Strength, Microleakage and Scanning Electron Microscopy:
Examination of the Prisma Universal Bond 2 Adhesive System." Journal of Esthetic
Dentistry 1990: 134-139.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and SEM
evaluation of a series of different dentin bonding systems. While shear bond
strengths ranged from 9 to 18 MPa, the shear bond values for Tenure were the highest.
Gwinnett, A.J., "Moist Versus Dry Dentin and its Effect on Shear Bond Strength."
American Journal of Dentistry, 5 1992:127-129.
The
findings of this study show that dentin can and should be moistened
prior to the application of the primer. Under such conditions, the
shear bond strengths were appreciably higher than when a dried dentinal
surface was employed. Tenure achieved a mean of 28.5 MPa under the
condition of the test.
Lacy, A.M., Fowell, I., Watanabe, L.G., "Resin-Dentin Bond Strength Following
Pre-treatment with Temporary Cements." Journal of Dental Research, Abs. 1049 1991.
No significant differences in bond strengths were found between specimens
pre-treated with either eugenol or non-eugenol cements. While not statistically
significant, Tenure exhibited the highest bond strength values, regardless of the
pretreatment conditions.
Pacropis, D.R., Ibsen, R.L., "Effect of a Hydrophilic Agent on Dentinal Bond
Strengths." International Association of Dental Research, Abs. No. 0784 1993.
The results of a new, hydrophilic resin demonstrated an increase in bond strength
when Tenure S was employed. The greatest increase however was realized with Tenure (43%).
Sorensen, J.A., "In Vitro Shear Bond Strength of Dentin Adhesives."
International Journal of Prosthetics, 4 1991: 117-125.
Adhesive agents, in conjunction with composite resins and glass
ionomers, were evaluated for their ability to bond to dentinal tooth structure. Strengths varied, but
none of the specimens bonded to dentin as well as to the enamel controls. Tenure
exhibited the highest adhesion values.
Staniec, M., Kawakami, M., "Shear Adhesion, Microleakage Test of a New Dentin
Bonding System." American Association of Dental Education, Abs. 1047 1991.
This
study compared the shear bond strengths of several different types of
dentin bonding agents. Regardless of the time the tests were conducted,
the Tenure-Marathon combination exhibited the highest, shear bond
strength values.
Yu, X.Y., Davis, E.L., Joynt, R.B., Wieczkowski, G., "Bond Strength Evaluation of a
Class V Composite Resin Restoration." Quintessence International, 22, Abs. 3079 1991:
391-396.
A three-dimensional cavity design was developed for the purpose of testing the
adhesion between restorative materials and tooth structure. Such a design provided a
means for differentiating between mechanical retention and true adhesion. Tenure
exhibited the highest bond strength of the six different bonding agents.
Microleakage
Godder, B., Settembrini, L., Zhukovskyj, L., "Direct-Shrinkage Composite Placement."
General Dentistry, 1995.
The degree of dye penetration produced through incremental filling and other bulk
filling indicated no difference in microleakage between the restorations with
Tenure/Marathon combination.
Ibsen, R., Ouellet, D., Strassler, H. E., "Clinically Successful Dentin and Enamel Bonding."
American Journal of Dentistry, 2 1989: 125-131.
The results of this study demonstrated that Tenure provides
microleakage-resistant bonding to both dentin and enamel, and supported the use of
Tenure for controlling hypersensitivity.
LoPresti, J., Scherer, W., Settembrini, L., et al., "Reducing Microleakage and Microgap
Formation in Amalgam Using Adhesive Primers." Journal of Dental Research, 73
Abs. 693 1994.
A laboratory study was conducted to determine if adhesive primers were effective in
reducing leakage in amalgam restorations. The study conclusively proved that
Tenure A/B significantly reduced microleakage in these restorations.
Swift, E.J., LeValley, B.D., "Microleakage of Etched-Dentin Composite Resin
Restorations." Quintessence International, 23 1992: 505-508.
Of all five materials tested in this bond-strength study, the use of the Kanca
technique, in conjunction with Tenure, produced the most beneficial results.
Tjan, A.H.L., Grant, B.E., Dunn, J.R., "Microleakage of Composite Resin Cores Treated
with Various Dentin Bonding Systems." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 66 1991: 24-29.
All the dentin bonding systems included in this study significantly reduced
microleakage. The Tenure and Scotchbond 2 bonding agents, however, were the most effective.
Teeth Strengthening
Kasloff, Z., Galan, D., Williams, P.T., "Cuspal Deflection Studies Using an Electronic
Probe to Evaluate Restorative Materials and Bonding Agents." Esthetic Dentistry
Update, 6, No. 1 February, 1995.
The
purpose of this study was to measure the amount of deflection that
would occur when a vertical load is applied to the cuspal incline of a
tooth using Amalgam, Tenure+Core Paste, Tenure+Marathon, and
Geristore+Tenure+Amalgam. Amalgam alone provided an insignificant
amount of resistance to deflection. Tenure+Core Paste, Tenure+Marathon,
and Tenure+Geristore demonstrated significantly increased resistance to
deflection when compared to Amalgam. There was no significant
difference in resistance to deflection between Tenure+Core Paste,
Tenure+Marathon, and Tenure+Geristore.
Medige, J., Deng, Y., Yu , X.Y., Davis, E.L.,
Joynt, R.B., "Effect of Restorative Materials on Cuspal Flexure." Quintessence
International, 26 1995: 571-576.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects on stiffness of different
restorative materials in a tooth subjected to cuspal loading. Two, linear strain gauges
were mounted on each of the 30 extracted, maxillary, premolar teeth. The following
restorative materials were used: Amalgam, Scotchbond 2 with P-50, and Tenure
with Marathon V. These tests indicated statistically significant differences in slope
between prepared and restored conditions for Tenure/Marathon V only, at both the
proximal and buccal sites. The results demonstrated that Tenure/Marathon has a
teeth-strengthening effect.
Other Applications
"Core Buildup and Adhesive Incompatibility."
Clinical Research Associates Newsletter, Vol. 24, Issue 6, June 2000.
The purpose of this study was to exam retention in core-buildup resins. The study
consisted of seven core buildup materials with 24 adhesives. Tenure Quik with
fluoride was one of the 24 adhesives. The study demonstrated that Tenure Quik
with fluoride outperformed other single-bottle bonding agents and it bonds to both
light and self-cured composites.
Ambus, C., Munksgaard, E.C., "Dentin Bonding Agents and Composite Retrograde
Root Filling." American Journal of Dentistry, 6 1993: 35-38.
Of the five systems evaluated, Tenure and Gluma produced the most positive results
of dentin bonding agents in conjunction with composite resins for retrograde,
root"filling techniques.
Sorenson, J.A., Munksgaard, E.C., "Relative Gap Formation Adjacent to Ceramic Inlays
with Combinations of Resin Cements and Dentin Bonding Agents." Journal of Prosthetic
Dentistry, 76 1996: 472-476.
This study investigated the effect of combining dentin bonding agents
(DBAs) with various resin cements on contraction gap formation at the cavity floor of resincemented
ceramic inlays. Refer to the following table and chart for results.
| Cement |
| Dentin Adhesive Choice |
|
Sono-Cem |
Porcelite |
Dual |
| All Bond 2+H3PO4 |
65 |
30 |
48 |
62 |
| Tenure |
68 |
32 |
50 |
23 |
| Gluma |
53 |
37 |
23 |
17 |
| Syntac |
25 |
8 |
10 |
17 |
| Scotchbond MP |
8 |
7 |
3 |
8 |
| Bondlite |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Note: These figures represent the percentage of bonds (out of 60 measurements) that didn"t have a contraction gap.
There is a difference in dentin bonding agents in conjunction with resin cement
procedures. Tenure performed significantly better than Syntac and Scotchbond MP
bonding system.
White, S.N., Yu, Z., Tom, J.F., Sangsurasak, J., "In-Vivo Microleakage of Luting Cements
for Cast Crowns." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 71 1994: 333-337.
After six months, restorations made with Infinity and Infinity combined with
Tenure All-Surface Bonding System revealed significant differences when compared
to zinc phosphate. Infinity and Tenure significantly reduced micro-leakage of
cemented crowns clinically.
Tenure Quik with Fluoride
"Core Buildup and Adhesive Incompatibility."
Clinical Research Associates Newsletter, Vol. 24, Issue 6, June 2000.
The purpose of this study was to exam retention in core-buildup resins. The study
consisted of seven core buildup materials with 24 adhesives. Tenure Quik with
fluoride was one of the 24 adhesives. The study demonstrated that Tenure Quik
with fluoride outperformed other single-bottle bonding agents and it bonds to both
light- and self-cured composites.
Bonella, E., et al., "Microleakage of a New "Single" Component Dentin Bonding Agent,"
Journal of Dental Research. 76, Abs. No. 407 1997.
This study evaluated microleakage of TenureQuik with Fluoride. The material
performed "exceptionally well" and was not inferior to multicomponent systems.
El-Kalla, I., Garcia-Godoy, F., "Saliva Contamination and Bond Strength of Single-Bottle
Adhesives to Enamel and Dentin." American Journal of Dentistry, 10, No. 2 April, 1997.
The bond strength (MPa) of Tenure Quik with Fluoride to enamel and dentin was
determined to be 1) enamel"34.8, dentin"26.2, 2) enamel"32.6, dentin"22.4
(bonding surface was contaminated with saliva for 20 seconds; excess saliva was
removed by cotton pellet), 3) enamel-34.4, dentin-25.8; similar to group 2 (saliva
was rinsed out with water). This study showed saliva contamination did not affect
the shear bond strength to enamel and dentin of Tenure Quik With Fluoride.
Ferrari, M., "Scanning Electron Microscope Observations of Hybrid Layer Formed by
Tenure Quik with Fluoride Bonding System Tested in Clinical Conditions." University of
Siena, Italy (1997). Unpublished data available on request.
This study tested the bonding mechanism of Tenure Quik with Fluoride on
demineralized dentin under clinical conditions. It showed the formation of a hybrid
layer"three (3) microns thick. In-vivo results showed excellent interlocking.
Powers, J.W., "Bond Strength of Tenure Quik with Fluoride." 1995 Unpublished data
available on request.
Tensile bond strength to etched, moist, human dentin results as follows: 22.4 MPa
(13.7 - 34.1).
Powers, J.W., "Tenure Quik with Fluoride on Dentin Permeability." 1995. Unpublished
data available on request.
Tenure
Quik with Fluoride is an effective dentin desensitizer. A laboratory
study indicates Tenure Quik with Fluoride to be effective in reducing
dentin permeability when tested in-vitro immediately after application.
Reduction of dentin permeability is believed to be an effective
clinical mechanism for resolving dentin hypersensitivity.
The Dental Advisor Plus, March-April 1997.
This
report noted findings of evaluators" experiences with Tenure Quik with
Fluoride. This material received a 4-STAR rating and was highly
recommended as a single-bottle bonding agent for use with dentin,
enamel, and root/dentin desensitization.
Yu, X., Matthews, A., "Bond Strength, Microleakage of One-Component Dentin Bonding
Agent." Journal of Dental Research, Abs. 3079 March 1997.
This
study compared a one-component bonding agent, Tenure Quik with
Fluoride, to a two-component system, Perma Quik. Mean shear bond
strength, MPa (SD), of Tenure Quik with Fluoride was 19.5 (8.2); Perma
Quik showed a statistically significant difference at 14.6 (4.9). The
microleakage testing showed significantly greater leakage at gingival
margins with Perma Quik when compared to Tenure Quik with Fluoride.
Results suggest it is possible for a one-component bonding agent to
outperform a two-component dentin bonding agent.
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